Republic of Peru - adolescent contraceptive use

Publication date: 2016

Adolescent contraceptive use DATA FROM LA ENCUESTA DEMOGRÁFICA Y DE SALUD FAMILIAR DEL PERU (ENDESP), 2012 R E P U B L I C O F P E R Ú What can be done to support Peruvian adolescents to prevent unintended pregnancy? Plan for how, when and where different groups of sexually active adolescents (married and unmarried, boys and girls, rural and urban) use and do not use contraception. Learn the reasons why adolescents are not using contraception, and develop policies and programmes to better address their needs. Understand that adolescents may get contraception from a variety of sources and ensure that each of these sources can provide high quality services for adolescents. COMPILED IN 2016 | UPDATED NOVEMBER 2016 Adolescent population: who are they? In the Republic of Perú, there are 5.8 million adolescents aged 10–19 years – 18.6% of the country’s total population.i The majority of adolescents live in urban areas, 77.1% of girls and 75.8% of boys.i By age 19, the mean number of years of schooling attended by adolescent girls is 10.5.ii Among adolescents who become mothers before age 20, the average age at which Peruvian adolescent girls have their first baby is 17.4 years.ii Sexual activity and marital status Analysis of data from the ENDESPii shows that more than 313 000 Peruvian adolescent girls aged 15–19 are currently sexually active – they are either unmarried and have had sex in the last three months or they are in a union (i.e. married or living together). On average, among adolescent girls who had sex before age 20, they first have sexual intercourse at age 16.6 years. Among unmarried adolescents, 20.2% of adolescent girls report ever having sex and 10.8% are currently sexually active. Among all Peruvian adolescent girls, 11.2% are in a union. Among these adolescent girls, the mean age of the first union is 17.1 years. Contraceptive use and non-use among adolescent girls FIGURE 1. Use and non-use of contraception: unmarried sexually active adolescent girls, aged 15–19 years (%) Not using Withdrawal Periodic abstinence Male condom Pill Injectable contraceptives FIGURE 2. Use and non-use of contraception: adolescent girls in union, aged 15–19 years (%) LISTED FROM LEAST EFFECTIVE TO MOST EFFECTIVE LISTED FROM LEAST EFFECTIVE TO MOST EFFECTIVE Unmarried, sexually active According to ENDESPii analyses, 94.7% of unmarried, sexually active adolescent girls report not wanting a child in the next two years, and 63.9% of them are currently using a method to prevent pregnancy. The main reasons these adolescents report for not using a contraceptive method include: • not having sex (52.7%) • infrequent sex (35.5%) • not married (9.1%) Among all unmarried, sexually active adolescent girls aged 15–19, 35.9% are not using a method of contraception. Male condoms (29.9%), pills (5.3%), and injectable contraceptives (7.9%) are the modern methods used by these adolescent girls. Withdrawal or periodic abstinence, traditional methods, are used by 19.8% (see Figure 1). In union According to ENDESPii analyses, 80.0% of adolescent girls in a union report not wanting a child in the next two years, and 73.3% of them are currently using a method to prevent pregnancy. The main reasons these adolescents report for not using a contraceptive method include: • menses has not returned after giving birth (44.8%) • not having sex (23.9%) • infrequent sex (13.3%) Among all adolescent girls in a union aged 15–19, 33.4% are not using a method of contraception. Injectable contraceptives are the most common modern method used (29.2% of these adolescent girls). Male condoms and pills are used by 10.5% and 10.7%, respectively. Implants, one of the most effective methods, are used by 0.1%. Traditional methods (withdrawal or periodic abstinence) are used by 14.5% of these adolescent girls (see Figure 2). i Urban and rural population by age and sex, 1980–2015 [online database]. New York (USA): United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division; 2014 (https://esa. un.org/unpd/popdev/urpas/urpas2014.aspx, accessed 4 November 2016). ii Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (INEI) [Peru], ICF International. Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar 2012 [Dataset]. PEIR6I.DTA. Calverton (MD): ICF International; 2013 (http://dhsprogram.com/data/dataset/Peru_Continuous-DHS_2012.cfm?flag=0, accessed 4 November 2016). Not using Withdrawal Periodic abstinence Male condom Pill Injectable contraceptives Implants LEARN MORE AT who.int/reproductivehealth/adol-contraceptive-use Source: analysis of ENDESP 2012ii Source: analysis of ENDESP 2012ii Unmarried, sexually active adolescents who are using a modern method most often get it from a pharmacy (70.2%) or a government facility (22.4%). Adolescents in a union who are using a modern method most often get it from a government facility (73.3%) or a pharmacy (24.6%). 35.9 8.9 10.9 29.9 5.3 7.9 29.2 5.9 8.6 0.1 10.5 10.7 33.4 Adolescent contraceptive use R E P U B L I C O F P E R Ú Use and non-use of contraception adolescent girls, aged 15-19 million adolescents ages 10-19 5.8 16.6 years for adolescent girls Among adolescents who had sex before age 20, the average age at first sex is Among adolescents who become parents before age 20, the average age at first birth is What can be done to support Peruvian adolescents to prevent unintended pregnancy? Main reasons for not using contraception Report not wanting a child in the next two years Sexually active, unmarried In union 94.7% sexually active, unmarried adolescent girls 80.0% adolescent girls in union 70.2% from a pharmacy 73.3% from a government facility 22.4% from a government facility 24.6% from a pharmacy Understand that adolescents may get modern contraception from a variety of sources. Learn the reasons why adolescents are not using contraception. Plan for how, when, and where different groups of adolescents use or don’t use contraception. ANALYSIS OF LA ENCUESTA DEMOGRÁFICA Y DE SALUD FAMILIAR DEL PERÚ, 2012 COMPILED IN 2016 | UPDATED NOVEMBER 2016 Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (INEI) [Peru], ICF International. Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar 2012 [Dataset]. PEIR6I.DTA. Calverton (MD): ICF International; 2013 (http://dhsprogram.com/data/dataset/Peru_Continuous-DHS_2012. cfm?flag=0, accessed 4 November 2016). 17.4 for adolescent girls LEARN MORE AT who.int/reproductivehealth/adol-contraceptive-use Sexually active, unmarried In union 52.7% not having sex 44.8% menses has not returned after giving birth 35.5% infrequent sex 23.9% not having sex 9.1% not married 13,3% infrequent sex Method Sexually active, unmarried In union Not using 35.9% 33.4% Withdrawal 8.9% 5.9% Periodic abstinence 10.9% 8.6% Male condom 29.9% 10.5% Pill 5.3% 10.7% Injectable contraceptives 7.9% 29.2% Implants -- 0.1% REASONS FOR NON-USE: Not married Not having sex Infrequent sex Menses has not returned after birth Breastfeeding Fatalistic (up to god) She is opposed Husband/partner is opposed Religious prohibition Knows no method Knows no source Fear of side effects/health concerns Inconvenient to use Others opposed Lack of access/too far SOURCE OF METHOD: Government facility Private facility Pharmacy Shop Friends or parents Other Community Health Worker Icon Directory METHODS: Not using Withdrawal Periodic abstinence Rhythm/calendar Female condom Male condom Standard days/cycle beads Pill Injectable contraceptives Lactational amenorrhea (LAM) Implants IUD Male sterilization Female sterilization © WHO 2016. Some rights reserved. This work is available under the CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO licence WHO/RHR/16.60

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